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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">GraphML</span></h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><p><b>GraphML</b> ist ein <a href="Extensible_Markup_Language" title="Extensible Markup Language">XML</a>-basiertes <a href="Dateiformat" title="Dateiformat">Dateiformat</a> für die Repräsentation von <a href="Graph_(Graphentheorie)" title="Graph (Graphentheorie)">Graphen</a>. GraphML besteht aus einem Sprachkern zur Beschreibung der Struktur eines Graphen und einem Erweiterungsmechanismus für applikationsspezifische Daten. GraphML ist ein freies Dateiformat basierend auf der <a href="Creative_Commons" title="Creative Commons">Creative Commons</a> Attribution 3.0 Lizenz.
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geschichte">Geschichte</h2></div>
<p>Das GraphML Projekt wurde durch das <i>Graph Drawing Steering Committee</i> im Vorfeld zur <i>Graph Drawing 2000 Konferenz</i> in <a href="Williamsburg_(Virginia)" title="Williamsburg (Virginia)">Williamsburg (Virginia)</a> gestartet. Der Vorläufer von GraphML war die <a href="Graph_Modelling_Language" title="Graph Modelling Language">Graph Modelling Language</a> (GML), welche auf Grund einer Initiative der Graph Drawing 1995 Konferenz in <a href="Passau" title="Passau">Passau</a> gestartet wurde.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Funktionsweise">Funktionsweise</h2></div>
<p>GraphML unterstützt <a href="Gerichteter_Graph" title="Gerichteter Graph">gerichtete</a>, ungerichtete und gemischte Graphen, <a href="Hypergraph" class="mw-redirect" title="Hypergraph">Hypergraphen</a> sowie hierarchische Graphen. Es bietet Möglichkeiten zur Beschreibung der graphischen Repräsentation des Graphen, Referenzen auf externe Daten, sowie anwendungsspezifische Attribute.
</p><p>Der rechts dargestellte einfache ungerichtete Graph mit vier Knoten und vier Kanten sieht in GraphML folgendermaßen aus:
</p>
<div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-xml mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="cp"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?></span>
<span class="nt"><graphml</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">xmlns=</span><span class="s">"http://graphml.graphdrawing.org/xmlns"</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="na">xmlns:xsi=</span><span class="s">"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="na">xsi:schemaLocation=</span><span class="s">"http://graphml.graphdrawing.org/xmlns</span>
<span class="s"> http://graphml.graphdrawing.org/xmlns/1.0/graphml.xsd"</span><span class="nt">></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt"><graph</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">"G"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">edgedefault=</span><span class="s">"undirected"</span><span class="nt">></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt"><node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">"A"</span><span class="nt">/></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt"><node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">"B"</span><span class="nt">/></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt"><node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">"C"</span><span class="nt">/></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt"><node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">"D"</span><span class="nt">/></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt"><edge</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">"ab"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">source=</span><span class="s">"A"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">target=</span><span class="s">"B"</span><span class="nt">/></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt"><edge</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">"bc"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">source=</span><span class="s">"B"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">target=</span><span class="s">"C"</span><span class="nt">/></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt"><edge</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">"cd"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">source=</span><span class="s">"C"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">target=</span><span class="s">"D"</span><span class="nt">/></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt"><edge</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">"da"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">source=</span><span class="s">"D"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">target=</span><span class="s">"A"</span><span class="nt">/></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt"></graph></span>
<span class="nt"></graphml></span>
</pre></div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Andere_Dateiformate_für_Graphen"><span id="Andere_Dateiformate_f.C3.BCr_Graphen"></span>Andere Dateiformate für Graphen</h2></div>
<ul><li>Graph Exchange Language (GXL) – weitere XML-basierte Beschreibungssprache für Graphen.</li>
<li>Trivial Graph Format – simples textbasiertes Format zur Beschreibung von Graphen.</li>
<li><a href="Graph_Modelling_Language" title="Graph Modelling Language">Graph Modelling Language</a> (GML)</li>
<li>eXtensible Graph Markup and Modeling Language (XGMML) – XML-basierte Graph Markup Language ähnlich wie GML.</li>
<li><a href="DOT_(Graphviz)" title="DOT (Graphviz)">DOT</a> – Beschreibungssprache für Graphen für die <a href="Graphviz" title="Graphviz">Graphviz</a>-Tools.</li>
<li><a href="Graph_Exchange_XML_Format" title="Graph Exchange XML Format">Graph Exchange XML Format</a> (GEXF) – Beschreibungssprache mit Unterstützung für dynamische Graphen, genutzt u. a. von der Software <a href="Gephi" title="Gephi">Gephi</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gexf.net/">GEXF Projektwebsite</a></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Siehe_auch">Siehe auch</h2></div>
<ul><li><a href="Extensible_Markup_Language" title="Extensible Markup Language">XML</a></li>
<li><a href="Scalable_Vector_Graphics" title="Scalable Vector Graphics">Scalable Vector Graphics</a> (SVG) – ein XML-basiertes Dateiformat für beliebige Grafiken.</li>
<li><a href="YEd" title="YEd">yEd</a> – ein grafischer Editor für Graphen basierend auf dem GraphML Dateiformat.</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatur">Literatur</h2></div>
<ul><li>Ulrik Brandes, Markus Eiglsperger, Ivan Herman, Michael Himsolt, M. Scott Marshall: <cite class="lang" lang="en" dir="auto" style="font-style:italic">GraphML Progress Report</cite>. Structural Layer Proposal. In: Department of Computer & Information Science, Universität Konstanz (Hrsg.): <cite class="lang" lang="en" dir="auto" style="font-style:italic">Proceedings 9th International Symposium on Graph Drawing (GD '01)</cite>. Springer-Verlag, 2002, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>501–512</span> (englisch, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.inf.uni-konstanz.de/algo/publications/behhm-gprsl-01.ps.gz">uni-konstanz.de</a> [abgerufen am 3. August 2010] Ghostscript, gzipped).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:GraphML&rft.atitle=GraphML+Progress+Report&rft.au=Ulrik+Brandes%2C+Markus+Eiglsperger%2C+Ivan+Herman%2C+...&rft.btitle=Proceedings+9th+International+Symposium+on+Graph+Drawing+%28GD+%2701%29&rft.date=2002&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=501-512&rft.pub=Springer-Verlag" style="display:none"> </span></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weblinks">Weblinks</h2></div>
<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://graphml.graphdrawing.org/">graphml.graphdrawing.org</a> – Homepage von GraphML</li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://graphml.graphdrawing.org/primer/graphml-primer.html">graphml.graphdrawing.org - Primer</a> – Einführung in GraphML</li>
<li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r261891140">
/* start https://de.wikipedia.org/ */
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</style><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190915080015/http://www.svgopen.org:80/2003/papers/ComparisonXML2SVGTransformationMechanisms/">svgopen.org – Vergleich zwischen XML-zu-SVG-Transformationsmechanismen</a> (<span class="webarchiv-memento"><a href="Webarchivierung#Begrifflichkeiten" title="Webarchivierung">Memento</a></span> vom 15. September 2019 im <i><a href="Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></i>)</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://graphml.graphdrawing.org/about.html">About GraphML</a></span>
</li>
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